My University Day Another drowsy Wednesday morning, we found out

My University Day Another lazy Wednesday morning, we discovered My University Day Another lazy Wednesday morning, we discovered our seats and plunked down. It is clever to see everybody with a clear face after they were pulled from the sweet beds. Here came BringâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s voice: ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Gosh! How I miss my bed! AhâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠦âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝-SheâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s yawning, and caused everybody close to her to do the equivalent thing.ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"LingÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ ¦.ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚  The chime rang. Exactly around then, Mr. Wang, our interpretation instructor came in. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Hey,ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚  my deskmate mumbled, ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"our instructors are never late for class, yet never right on time for class too.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Yes, yet better than we are, arenâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™t they?âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ I answered. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ" How come?âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ I grinned: ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ" See, here is the answer.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ Several kid understudies surged in and said sorry for their being late. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Because we are never right on time for class, yet in every case late for it.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ I said.Mr. Wang put out a stack of gifts and this activity got a snapshot of disorder. An excess of interpretation to do?! ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"DonÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚™t stress, weâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™ll finish it in class.ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ Then a long, exhausting course was prepared to begin.But before that there was an intriguing bring after some time. College educators only occasionally do this, particularly the male instructors. Be that as it may, today it is an exemption! ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Call my name, call my name.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ We generally identify with this melody when the bring over occurs. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Ways? Where is Ways? Absent?âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Sick.ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ -A kid, WaysâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™ flat mate answered. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Really? Goodness, I see.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ A grin flashed on Mr. WangâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s face and he made a note on WaysâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™ name. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Okay, next. Billy? WhereâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s Billy?âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"SickÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ -All of us, young men and young ladies, answered together and it made ourselves giggle out simultaneously. ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Ah, I see.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ Mr. Wang rehashed the words automatically.With presumably, that was a most ideal approach to wake my cerebrum up. I attempted my best to tune in to the educator yet now and again my consideration was diverted by the fantasy I had longed for the previous evening. Mr. WangâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s sleep inducing voice could generally make all of us back to the great dreams. A portion of my cohorts started to gesture their heads, and afterward bowed their backs, prepared to put their appearances on the work areas. In any case, it appeared that they were additionally battling to pull their back straight once more. After a few ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"noddingsâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝, they gave up absolutely and their countenances were stuck on the work areas once more. It helped me to remember the days in highschool. At the point when anybody of us was drowsy on the material science course, the youthful instructor who was likewise our closest companions would toss a bit of chalk to his head, and afterward he would ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"apologizeâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝: ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Oh, sorry, my chalk gets drunk.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ Then we burst out chuckles and were waked up once more. Be that a s it may, it appears to be unimaginable for the college instructors to do as such, and they donâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™t care regardless of whether you rest in their classes. ItâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s not gracious to stay in bed class, so I generally battle with my eyelids in the event that they would shut everything down of my control. What's more, fortunately the vast majority of the occasions I win them over.But prevailing upon the eyelids doesnâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™t mean I can thrash the weariness. When there was a period that we need some natural freshen up of the homeroom, the best decision (or the best reason) is to go to the washroom. Men would go there for a cigarette to give themselves a lift. Young ladies would go there, remaining before the mirror and brushing their hair. ItâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s an approach to invigorate ourselves.Sometimes this technique isn't accessible. After the long, exhausting interpretation course was finished, there came the class of universal exchange practice. Miss Huang would boycott we all leave the study hall during the class time. I loathe this guideline. Furthermore, the majority of us donâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™t like her particularly for her absurd guideline, yet additionally on account of her solid ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"ChinglishÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ (Chinese English) emphasize, and that elocution is horrendous! I will give you how. Miss Huang consistently articulates the word ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"againâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ as ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"agunâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝, and afterward we made this word ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"agunâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ as her epithet. Difficult to envision that how college understudies are at times as underhanded as the elementary school students. We additionally share very similar things with the essential students. At the point when we were still young men and young ladies, we got out an end that on the of f chance that we donâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™t like an instructor, henceforth we show no interests in the course he gives. This ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"theoryâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ additionally works in our college days. Disgrace on us: Most of us did a not all that great occupation in the last test of the year on global exchange practice. Be that as it may, I generally let myself know IâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™m learning for myself, not for any other individual, and whatâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s more, IâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™m a college understudy now! So I ought to be significantly more experienced than I was in the primary school. On the off chance that now the ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"theoryâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ despite everything chips away at me, I should feel embarrassed. As a matter of fact I felt ashamed.But when we meet with some fascinating courses, there is another entirely unexpected story. Toward the evening of that day, we like to go to Miss KangâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s course, since she just carries on like our companion in spite of the fact that sheâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s now over 30 years of age. She entered the study hall like a simple breeze, dressed with easygoing wears. Her voice was mysterious to the point that it could stand out for us without exertion. In her group she never made her understudies exhausted, and we only from time to time feel upsetting and in this way we communicated uninhibitedly. We discussed life, musings, dreams, leisure activities, and she would trade her exceptional encounters with us. She knows our hearts: As college understudies, we long for having the educators or teachers with their own individualized character, since we have just been instructed in a hypothetical, dreary route during the previous 12 years, before we enter the college. As age X, we are keen on everything new and snappy, and we are well-suited to acknowledge them. We are looking for information and furt hermore we are anxious to have an alternate lifestyle. We need the educators who can comprehend us well rather than the generalized ones.We feel so fortunate that we are in a college for language contemplating. ItâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s a stunning encounter since we get the opportunity to get familiar with a second unknown dialect. The last course in Wednesday is one of my generally top pick. They state young ladies, particularly young ladies who learn language and writing are as sentimental as a rose. I canâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™t concur more. In the second unknown dialect learning, we would pick an exceptional sentence as a beginning stage. Indeed, even the educator realizes the ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"conventionâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ well, so when he gave us the principal course he put ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"Je tâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™aimeâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ on the board and afterward advised us:âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ DonâÆ'⠢₆â‚â™t ask me how to speak ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚☠I love youâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™ in France. IâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™ve as of now told you.âÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ Yes, that is our ÂÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚âÅ"starting pointâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝. At that point at the night young ladies would assemble and advise others how to articulate ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚‚€‚ÂÅ"I love youâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚⠝ in various languages:in Japanese, in German, in Spainish, in Russian, in KoreanâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â ¦ Before I nod off around evening time, I generally remember what IâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™ve done in the daytime. Did I accomplish something positive or negative? Do I fulfill with the entire day? if not, itâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™s alright, on the grounds that tomorrow is one more day! It will be better, IâÆ'⠢â‚â€â‚â™m sure.

The Benefits of Writing Your Own Good Morning, Midnight Essay Topics

The Benefits of Writing Your Own Good Morning, Midnight Essay TopicsIf you have spent any time researching or preparing for a good morning, midnight essay question, you may find that it is indeed time to re-evaluate the study materials that you are using. You may have already noticed that there is some type of information overload in your academic life. A good morning, midnight essay question can not only keep you from procrastinating but also help you develop the skills that you need to achieve a high grade on your final exam.Essay questions are designed to force you to come up with answers that you did not necessarily think were necessary to prepare for. Sometimes you can realize that there are certain things that you never knew you had difficulty with. For example, an essay question may ask you to comment on something that you found through a class research project.When it comes to studying for exams, people typically take a lot of different reasons for procrastination. Even when it is clear that the reason is bad, people will often keep their heads down, hoping that the next exam will go easier. Although it can be frustrating, it can actually be a good thing if you put in the effort and avoid repeating past mistakes.Good morning, midnight essay topics should force you to face the problem head on. After all, you need to be able to put into practice the lessons that you learned during the original research topic. Reading the material can help you make notes on the project and make a note on which parts you might be able to improve upon.Although it is more difficult to master essay topics while under time pressure, a high grade will be well worth the effort. Many students who do not finish their homework in time often give up and study off and on throughout the night. While this can take a toll on a person's grades, most have already turned in assignments and exams early so that they can be given late tocolleges and universities to help them get in.If you have completed the original research but are not able to offer anything new about the subject, then you will find that it is necessary to come up with unique solutions to test the situation. An essay question such as the one above can help you to realize exactly what it is that you did wrong and if you made any mistakes in the original study guide. This way, you will know how to fix the problem.On the other hand, if you feel that the assignment was over your head, you should feel free to write about it. Most often, when you cannot figure out how to answer a question, it is usually because you are no longer learning what it is that you need to learn. By writing about it, you can bring to light the problem in a way that is not intimidating.In addition to a good question, you should also be prepared to complete your own good morning, midnight essay topic. It is possible that an instructor could offer this to you, but be prepared to really show off what you know.

Salomon and Separate Legal Entity Doctrine †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Salomon and Separate Legal Entity Doctrine. Answer: Presentation: According to the realities expressed by Peter and Susan, Peter is keen on setting up a property the board business (PPM Services) without anyone else with the assistance of Susan. He is likewise keen on looking for help of his companion, Jack, who will acquire extra capital and business abilities to extend the business. The primary worry of Susan earlier building up the business is that she means to secure their home for their young family as she is doubtful that there are chances that the family house is lost when the business falls flat. Concerning the realities that are given, it is presented that in Australia, there are three sorts of business the executives that are for the most part selected by individuals to set up their business. The first is a sole exchange transport wherein just a single individual is the proprietor and who deals with the business. Since, Peter plans to set up business with Susan, in this way, Sole dealer transport isn't the correct decision. (ClaytonUTZ, 2017) Another business structure is organization, wherein two individuals carry on business of consistent nature with the expect to acquire benefit and is examined in Smith v Anderson (1880) (Sydney, 2017) Further, a business can likewise be controlled by method for an organization which is a substance enlisted according to the necessities of the Corporation Act 2001. Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] is the main case which set up the principle components of an organization. (Ramsay Noakes, 2001) Thinking about the realities, it is guidance that Peter and Susan must carry on their business by method for an organization. The principle preferences of working a business the board as an organization as opposed to a sole merchant or association are that, right off the bat, that it has constrained risk which suggests that the liabilities of the individuals is restricted to the degree of their shareholding. No close to home resources of the individuals are in danger in any event, when the organization can't meet its money related weights (Lee v Lee's Air Farming Ltd (1961). Notwithstanding, in a sole dealer boat or association type of business, the individual resources of the proprietors or accomplices are at dangers if the business can't meet its liabilities; also, an organization can hold property in its own name which isn't the situation when the business is controlled by method for organization or sole merchant transport; thirdly, it is anything but difficult to draw in or raise capital in the organization when contrasted and some other sort of structure in light of the fact that the speculators are not troubled to adapt up to the budgetary crunches of the organization and their venture isn't in danger which isn't the situation in an organization or a sole broker boat; fourthly, the coming or leaving of individuals won't hamper the presence of the organization. Where as in organization, any approaching or active accomplice will bring about the disintegration of the organization. (Incorporator, 2017) Nonetheless, there are additionally hardly any burdens that, is, right off the bat, the expense of enlistment of an organization is a lot higher in examination with sole broker boat or association. There is no necessity of any sort of enrollment when the individual expects to set up the business by method for an organization or a sole merchant transport. In any case, in Australia, enrollment of an organization requires $650-$750 for a one year enlistment; also, there is roughly $ 230 which must be paid to ASIC by an organization which isn't expected of a business is as association or sole dealer transport; thirdly, the money related issues of the organization are open and any individual can get to the equivalent however the equivalent isn't the situation in organization or sole broker boat where the budgetary situation of the organization is a lot of secret; Further, in organization, the revealing necessities is high, that is, according to segment 292 of the Corporation Act, on the off chance that an organization is an enormous restrictive organization, at that point it must get ready/hold up executives and money related report each year. On the off chance that the organization is little, at that point, hold up monetary reports in not many circumstances. In any case, in organization and sole dealer transport there isn't a lot of detailing prerequisites. (Business, 2017) In this way, it is guidance to diminish and Susan that proceeding with the business by method for an organization is a superior decision in examination with an association or a sole dealer transport. Presently, as of now presented, an organization can be shaped once the business the board is enrolled. ASIC is the administrative body which controls organizations in Australia. On the off chance that Peter guarantees to enroll his business, at that point, he should initially enlist his business name. Enrollment of name is completed with ASIC. It is vital that the individual should either have an ABN or is applying of an ABN. When an ABN is gotten, at that point, the business name can be enrolled on the web. When a name is enlisted, at that point, the individual can carry on his business under the said name. A business name is a title under which an individual leads his own business. In Australia, it is fundamental that an individual must enlist a business name in the event that he isn't exchanging his own name yet in the event that the individual is leading business in his own first name or family name then there is no enrollment of business name necessity. (ASIC, 2017) It is exhortation to Peter that there is no particular prerequisite of enlistment of business yet he should enroll his business name for doing his business so no other individual can utilize a similar name for their own business. Additionally, Peter can lead business in his own name with no enlistment prerequisites. Presently on the off chance that any individual needs to change the responsibility for business, at that point the equivalent should be possible either by selling the business; moving your business to a relative or companion or adding new accomplices to the business. Since Peter needs Susan to be co-proprietor of the business then the best choice is to include her as new accomplice. This should be possible by making three strides. That is: (Business, 2017) The association must be refreshed; The new ABN number must be applied ; The subtleties with the ATO must be refreshed for charge purposes. By doing these means, Susan can turn into the co-proprietor of the business. When a business name is enlisted then the business should likewise be enrolled so as to work as an organization. Part 2A of the Corporation Act 2001 arrangements with the enrollment of an organization and there are a few stages that Peter must ready to agree to earlier enlisting a business in Australia. Right off the bat, Peter must guarantee to satisfy is to pick an organization name. Diminish may choose any name for his organization yet such name ought not be indistinguishable from any current organization or business name. Likewise, the name must not contain certain words or expressions without looking for endorsement of the administration serve, for example, trust, bank, Royal, fused. Likewise, Peter must guarantee that no name ought to be chosen that deceives individuals regarding the working of the organization, which is hostile or which propose criminal behavior. A name can likewise be held with the assistance of Form 410 which can later be enlisted. Be that as it may, the booking is just for 2 months. Whatever name is chosen, it must show the legitimate status of the organization. In this manner, in the event that Peter is enrolling an organization with constrained risk, at that point the name must incorporate Proprietary Limited and on the off chance that the obligation is boundless, at that point it must incorporate exclusive; Secondly, Peter must choose the working and tasks of the organization earlier its enlistment. He should choose whether the business is administered by its constitution, its replaceable standards or both; Thirdly, Peter must guarantee the entirety of his commitments before enrollment of his business, that is, upkeep of records of the organization, installment of yearly survey and lodgment expenses and so forth; Fourthly, the assent of the considerable number of chiefs, secretary and individuals must be accomplished earlier the enlistment of the organization; Fifthly, If the enlisted office isn't the benefit of the organization, at that point, Peter must look for put down consent to utilize the location and an account of the equivalent must be kept up. (ASIC, 2017) When every one of these conventions are done then the enlistment should be possible in two habits, right off the bat, Registration of the business should be possible with the assistance of a private specialist co-op who approach ASIC framework; Secondly, Form 201 can be filled and sent to Australian Securities and Investments Commission, PO Box 4000, Gippsland Mail Center VIC 3841. The expenses must be encased alongside the structure. When the application is affirmed then Peter will achieve an ACN, corporate Key and an endorsement of enlistment. (ASIC, 2017) It is along these lines exhortation that Peter must guarantee all the above advances while enrolling his business. Components of the organization When an organization is enlisted then there are different components that can be related with an organization and with which Peter must know about and which are likewise referenced under part 2B.1 of the Corporation Act 2001, that is, (Australia, 2017) initially, according to area 124, an organization is a different lawful individual according to law and has its own character. It is a fake legitimate individual once enrolled and has the ability to complete the errands in its own name: also, when an organization is enlisted then it never kicks the bucket, in any event, when its whole part facilitates to exists, fourthly, it can go into contracts; fifthly, it is unmistakable from its chiefs and its individuals. Presently, if at later stage, Peter wish to make Susan as part proprietor of the organization, at that point, it is guidance to him that he should give portions of the organization according to segment 254B of the Corporation Act 2001. The fundamental necessities of segment 254 B are; right off the bat, a record of the issue of offers must be stayed with by the in its offers register; besides, the organization should inside 28 days of the issue of offers inform ASIC by housing a difference in organization subtleties wherein the insights about the quantity of issues shares, class of offers, sum paid or to be paid and so on are indicated; thirdly, another ABN number must be applied and the subtleties must be refreshed with the ATO for tax assessment purposes.. (Veromo, 2017) When the progressions are done, at that point, Susan will turn out to be part proprietor of the organization

The Reconstruction Era ( 1865-1877 ) - 1589 Words

The Reconstruction era (1865-1877) was a period of excitement for ex-slaves because they were declared free American citizens. However, all their expectations of freedom were not fulfilled as soon they expected because of the conflict their new freedom bore between them and their former masters. In this discussion, the focus of Eric Foner on the Reconstruction will be compared with that of P. Downs and Scott Nesbitt to get a clearer understanding of the occurrences of the period using their works. The chapter â€Å"What is Freedom?: Reconstruction† by Foner focuses on what freedom meant to ex-slaves and the conflicts that resulted from the declaration of black freedom during the Reconstruction. On the other hand, the digital history project,†¦show more content†¦According to these authors, even though the emancipation proclamation had been signed before the Reconstruction and the 13th Amendment had banned slavery, the oppression still persisted in many parts of the So uth. According to the authors, mere proclamations could not end slavery, and the presence of Union soldiers was necessary for the former masters to accept that slavery had surely come to an end (Downs and Nesbit n.p). The authors add that the soldiers traveled throughout the plantation regions reading the freedom proclamations hence signaling the termination of slavery. While the chapter â€Å"What is Freedom† details how white southerners opposed the new black-freedom during the Reconstruction, â€Å"Mapping the Occupation† explains the role the occupation played in ensuring that this did not hinder emancipation efforts. According to Foner, Southerners opposed slave emancipation during the Reconstruction with Black Codes (Foner 565). These were laws that the new southern governments passed to curtail the freedom of former slaves. These laws aimed at denying the ex-slaves voting rights, and the freedom to testify against white men in the courts (Foner 565). The laws also required the freed blacks to get back to working on the plantations and required them to sign annual labor contracts, failure to which, they would be arrested (Foner 565). Some states’ black codes even denied blacksShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Reconstruction Era: The Planted Seeds1231 Words   |  5 Pagesended in 1865, yet it was known as one of the bloodi est wars America has ever walked through compared to other American Wars (â€Å"Civil War Facts†). After the Civil War the Reconstruction Era rose up and flourished into a luminous path of freedom for slaves in America. The president’s impact on the Reconstruction Era lit a path to the rights of African Americans. Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, and Ulysses S. Grant each had their own participation in the movement of the Reconstruction Era, for theyRead MoreReconstruction Era1650 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction 1 The Reconstruction Era Jessica Onken American History Since 1865 Professor Tim Johnston August 2, 2010 Reconstruction 2 The Reconstruction Era The reconstruction era was a difficult time for the African American slaves from 1865 to 1877 because the slaves were freed and there were no jobs for them, had very little or no education, and had very limited opportunity in the south. Reconstruction was one of the most critical periods in American History. The CivilRead MoreThe Reconstruction Era Was A Success1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Reconstruction Era was a Success Shortly after the Civil War ended in 1867, President Abraham Lincoln’s new objective was to unify the union and the confederate states into what was formerly known as the United States of America. 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Under Abraham Lincoln, presidential reconstruction began in each state as soon as federal troops controlled most of the state. The usual ending date is 1877, when the Compromise of 1877 saw the collapse of the last Republican state governmentsRead MoreEssay On Reconstruction And Reconstruction1191 Words   |  5 PagesReconstruction was a period which took place after the Civil War between 1865-1877, and it was a process by which former states of the Confederacy were â€Å"reconstructed† into the United States. Reconstruction was also a controversial period as the Blacks were not receiving the rights that they were promised due to which the Southerners were against Republicans, also the president, and the Congress did not agree on the same plan for Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a time in which America consisted

It Is Not A Problem For Not Thinking - 968 Words

This week, I was reminded that it is not a problem for not thinking like a person next to me. It is always hard and complicated to get a place in the new environment because all that surrounds you make you feel like an outsider. This week, I took 2 exams and 1 quiz; I am not happy at all about my performance. More I think on how I study for my classes, more I run out of good explanations on why I am not doing well. Maybe I need to change how I do things to see if the results also change? Maybe I need to understand that it is normal that I can always do my best, even though I don’t reach the level of grasping the whole materials like my peers; who happens to be mostly natives. This feeling is frustrating, and it becomes worse because I know that failing isn’t an option for me. Unlike Barbie, I don’t fit in many identities, and I think I can’t even fit easily because I tend to know which environment I am trying to blend in. I am not sure that these are strengths or weakness in handling the whole cultural experience, and I am afraid that being an outsider holds me back. Due to the fact even nonverbal used in both cultures are not really same, it hinders my intercultural communication. I remember when I came to United States for the first time in august 2013, many things got my attention one thing in particular though was the smile on people’s faces (I call it fake smile). In my culture, I can be polite and greet you if we cross each in hall way, in the stairs, if we meet inShow MoreRelatedCritical Thinking And Problem Solving1526 Words   |  7 PagesCritical thinking and problem solving are reliable skills for every manager and supervisor across all levels for any business or company. The ability to predict, identify and quickly resolve problems arising out of daily operational issues has become important to keep pace with the changing business requirements. Critical thinking is that mode of thi nking about any subject, content or problem in which the thinker improves the quality of thinking by skillfully analyzing, assessing and reconstructingRead MoreCritical Thinking And Problem Solving1336 Words   |  6 Pagesshould be learning at similar levels. This is the only rational way of thought. Author of The Smartest Kids in the World, Amanda Ripley, studies test scores from various countries. The scores derived from testing adolescents about critical thinking and problem solving in real- world contexts. The â€Å"PISA† test documents scores ranging from 460 to 560 with top scorers originating from Finland and Korea while other countries placed over 50 points less (Ripley 3). The United States is ranked near theRead MoreCritical Thinking And Problem Solving913 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Thinking Problem Solving Option 2 Final Step 1: The issue I have chosen that concerns my core program is the necessity of a Certification. Currently in the United States it is not required in all 50 states that a surgical technologist be certified. Step 2: As of 2015, there are only 8 states out of 50 in the U.S. that require Surgical technologist to be certified to work in the operating room as a surgical technologist or surgical first assistant. Those states include Idaho, Indiana, MassachusettsRead MoreProblem Solving And Critical Thinking3439 Words   |  14 PagesProblem solving and critical thinking are two related skills that greatly impact student success in the classroom. However, many studies have shown that these two skills are largely underdeveloped in students. This is particularly worrisome as the current job market is filled with jobs that require individuals to be exceptional in these two areas. As technology advances, more of the â€Å"routine† jobs are being taken over by technological platforms, leaving more opportunities for people to enter theRead MoreThinking Skills and Problem Solving2612 Words   |  11 PagesINTRODUCTION When it comes to problem solving, decision making was a critical event for a better results and solution. Decision making is defined as the important tools on deciding of which way to counter problems. Decision making is the act of deciding; determination, as of a question or doubt, by making a judgment; the act of or need for making up one’s mind (http://english.stackexchange.com). Another definition of decision making was defined as something that is decided; resolution; a judgmentRead MoreThe Problem Space Based On Design Thinking1419 Words   |  6 PagesCreative thinking is an idea evolved in the process of developing a concept to solve a problem or in producing a final output. It is not only an integral in developing new processes, products or services, but adds significant value by enabling innovation. Focus on flexibility and usability should be designers concern involving various methods of applications in the design process. This process helps a designer to discover the unmet needs of the problem space and explore on ideas to make commerciallyRead MoreCritical Thinking And Problem Solving Skills1648 Words   |  7 PagesCritical thinking and problem solving skills have epitomised education throughout history. As time has passed; the education system has become increasingly complex with the integration of learning theories, pedagogies, transformative learning spaces, behavioural management and most importantly; the evolution and role of technology. Learners within the 21st Century are experiencing an education where they are taught to collaboratively communicate and construct new understandings, while acquiring higherRead MoreTemporarily Help Memory And Thinking Problems Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pagestemporarily help memory and thinking problems in patients. (7, p.1046). Addit ionally, the effectiveness of these drugs varies between patients (3). According to the Alzheimer’s Association there are several promising new drug therapies in the development stages that may be more effective in stopping the disease progression and ultimately curing Alzheimer’s patients. Two drugs, in particular, in the research stage, show exciting potential. The first, Solanezumab, is designed to lower the levels ofRead MoreCreative Thinking Is A Technique Of Observing Problems2971 Words   |  12 PagesCreative thinking is a technique of observing problems or situations that suggests unusual solutions. Creative thinking can be stimulated both by an unstructured process such as brainstorming, or by a structured process, such as lateral thinking. Having reviewed some of the most recent theoretical approaches in the study of creativity, we wanted to compare between teaching strategies at the undergraduate level, the behavior of the professors and training methods provided about creative thinking and howRead MoreProblem Solving Critical Thinking - Hdlt1764 Words   |  8 PagesCritical thinking and Problem Solving HDLT mini paper It is possible to store the mind with a million facts and still be entirely uneducated. Alec Bourne. According to American educational Psychologist – Robert M Gagne – â€Å"The central point of any education is to teach people to think, to use their rational powers, to become better problem solvers. â€Å" Looking at the current model of our own learning, in HDLT 2 class itself – as students of the second semester

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1346 Words

Quite a number of plays and novels written and ridden over the years seem to share a common theme; the search for the Omni-present, self invented standard that we have all come to know as ‘The American Dream’. The pursuit of this ever so highly held ideal not only drives many a character forward, but in some cases over the edge of sanity or even to their untimely deaths. This in a way makes ‘The Dream’ some sort of green eyed monster lurking in the darkest of corners found in the human mind. Making the pursuit of dreams almost as dangerous as say a high speed police pursuit on a crowded highway, the wrong side of a crowded even. For the very hopes and ideals that make up this most elusive of dreams seem to sow a great deal of doubt, delusions and disillusionment in whoever seeks it. The dangers of following your dreams are very real indeed; they should not however stop you. These doubts and illusions play a rather important part in Fitzgerald’s ‘The Great Gatsby’ and in Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’; James Gatz dedicates his entire life to the pursuit of his dreams, as a young man he invented this illusion of a man he dreamt of being one day. With a little help from Dan Cody he in fact becomes that man and is on his way to fulfill the rest of this dream; becoming Rich, Important and to some extent Famous. This dream however is entirely replaced by his dreams of Daisy. This causes his ‘first’ dream to shift; it becomes a means of reaching a specific goal instead of a goalShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and ph ysical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1346 Words Myrtle Wilson’s glowing red hair, Nick Carraway’s gleaming smile and Daisy’s flowing white dress all coupled with the roar of that supercharged engine of Gatsby’s yellow car astounded Nick time and time again. How could I forget those peering eyes in the dark, dirty, and polluted Valley of Ashes? James Gatz hidden behind the name of Jay Gatsby was a â€Å"destined man† according to Nick. The bond market on Wall Street frustrated Nick and doctor visits were a daily for Carraway, which gave him the opportunity to write about his admirations of Jay. The luscious parties, endless alcohol, â€Å"beautiful little fools†, and well Nick Carraway ‘s company made for the summer of 1922 in West Egg. Jay Gatsby, a man of superior wealth and somewhat loneliness was searching for his lost love of Daisy Buchanan. Statured in West Egg, Nick was Gatsby’s neighbor, who let’s put it this way, lived in a miniscule house for rent of eighty dol lars per month. Graduated from Yale with origins in the Midwest, Carraway had his mindset straight and could not cease to stop staring at Jay Gatsby’s marvelous Gothic mansion. One afternoon, Carraway received an invitation to one of Gatsby’s parties. He had never met Jay or questioned his wealth, so he was delighted to attend. As the people of West Egg, East Egg and New York City arrived to the music, dancing, and drinking, Nick was astonished and fit right in with the people who paraded their wealth and those that only dreamed of the West Egg lifestyle. When NickShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout it s short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

Pediatricians do more for kids than one might imagine Essay Example For Students

Pediatricians do more for kids than one might imagine Essay Pediatricians do more for kids than one might imagine. Theyre available at any time for a childs needs. Parents with concerns about their child can call at any hour to ask questions or make an appointment. But what does it take to become such an important doctor? It takes respect for the field and the proper training, among other things. Pediatricians are doctors who work with little kids, usually from infancy to age 18. Pediatricians work with kids and diagnose and treat infections, as well as treat injuries, defects, malignancies, and many more types of diseases and dysfunctions. With planned evaluation and early involvement, pediatricians recognize and attend to developmental and behavioral problems that result from exposure to psychosocial stressors. They appreciate the defenselessness of childhood and adolescence, and actively support measures to care for their health and safety. Most pediatricians are on call. This means if there is an emergency they can be reached at any time of the day. Pediatricians have a lot of training to do before they can take on the medical field. They attend eleven total years of schooling: four years in college, four years of medical school, one year of an internship in pediatrics, and two years of a pediatric residency. The schooling is not cheap either; in the year 2000, the typical medical students debt was $95,000. Classes that should be taken in college are as follows: one year of English, two years of Biology, one semester of college Calculus or Statistics, and one year of Physics. Pediatricians do go through a lot of schooling, and accrue a lot of debt, but almost all of them will never go back and do different. Pediatricians may work a lot and have a lot of debt to pay off, but their salary makes it all worth it. Pediatricians make money based on how many patients they see a year. An average pediatrician sees 96 patients a week. The majority of Pediatricians make $60,000 to $400,000 a year. That is an amazing amount of money. Now, the price is different for all pediatricians because it is based on their number of patients a week and if they are full time or part time pediatricians. The mean pay for a pediatrician, though, is $139,600 a year. The Pediatrics outlook is really excellent. As long as people keep having children, there will be more and more pediatricians. Pediatricians are still needed in rural places currently. Some places in the United States lack pediatricians! The medical field in general is growing and will still maintain to grow to meet the societys needs in medicine. Pediatricians have an amazing job! Even though the debts can be high, their pay lets them pay it off quickly though. I would love to have this job this is because they get to work with kids and have that overwhelming joy that they helped. Even though they cant help all the kids but the joy that they must have after  saving a life that is incredible! And since the outlook is strong I have faith that in 13 years education training and when I graduate in years there will still be a high need for Pediatricians. I love kids and I always wanted to be a doctorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ put the two and two together and you get a Pediatrician. I love what Pediatricians do and they make a difference and I want to.

Sepsis Early Detection and Treatment free essay sample

Associated mortality rates with sepsis in the United States have remained largely unchanged for several decades. Through an international collaboration known as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign formed in 2002 under the sponsorship of the International Sepsis Forum, it was recommended that evidence-based guidelines be used for the treatment of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. From these guidelines, recommendations of the development of an initial resuscitation bundle and then followed by a management bundle came from the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (Durthaler, Ernst Johnston, 2009). Early Detection Sepsis can be defined as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome in response to infection. Severe sepsis is associated with acute organ dysfunction (Durthaler et al. , 2009). Sepsis can be identified in a patient with two indicators of systemic inflammatory response syndrome along with a known or suspected infection. For successful treatment of sepsis, early recognition and rapid response are vital as the progression to severe sepsis and then septic shock can be quick. We will write a custom essay sample on Sepsis Early Detection and Treatment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While severe sepsis requires treatment in a critical care area, its recognition is often made outside of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). With nurses being at the side of a patient from admission to discharge, this places them in an ideal position to be first to recognize sepsis. Assessments by nurses need to take into account the signs and symptoms of sepsis. The progression of sepsis can be subtle, rapid and often deadly. Sepsis is broken down into four stages. The first stage is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). SIRS can be a systemic inflammation resulting from any major insult to the body. In SIRS you will have two or more of the following present: A temperature higher than 38 C or lower than 36? C. Heart rate greater than 90 beats per minute. Respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute or a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) less than 32 mmHg. White blood cell count higher than 12 x 103/mm3, lower than 4 x 103/mm3or with more than 10% band cells. The patients in stage one can usually be cared for out of the ICU but should be continuously monitored for signs and symptoms of sepsis. The second stage is sepsis which is identified by the presence of two of the SIRS criteria along with a known or suspected infection. In many cases however the actual cause of infection is never identified. Treatment can be delayed in waiting for confirmation of infection source. Once suspected the most effective course of action is to initiate treatment and monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of organ failure. The third stage is severe sepsis which occurs when a patient shows signs and symptoms of organ failure. The patient will require aggressive treatment in the critical care area once severe sepsis is suspected. The fourth stage is septic shock which is defined as severe sepsis plus hypotension that does not respond to fluid resuscitation. The chances of recovery are significantly reduced if by this stage the patient has not already been transferred to the ICU (Nelson, LeMaster, Plost and Zahner, 2009). Treatment of Sepsis As stated in Rivers, Nguyed, Havstad, Ressler, Muzzin, Knolich et al. (2001): Early hemodynamic assessment on the basis of physical findings, vital signs, central venous pressure, and urinary output fails to detect persistent global tissue hypoxia. A more definitive resuscitation strategy involves goal-oriented manipulation of cardiac preload, afterload, and contractility to achieve a balance between systemic oxygen delivery and oxygen demand. End points used to confirm the achievement of such a balance (hereafter called resuscitation end points) include normalized values for mixed venous oxygen saturation, arterial lactate concentration, base deficit, and pH. Mixed venous oxygen saturation has been shown to be a surrogate for the cardiac index as a target for hemodynamic therapy. In cases in which the insertion of a pulmonary-artery catheter is impractical, venous oxygen saturation can be measured in the central circulation (p. 1368). The focus for the general care nurse outside of the ICU is to be able to recognize sepsis and to initiate appropriate interventions in an appropriate amount of time. Nurses need to facilitate the transfer of the patient to an ICU as urgently as possible. Once sepsis is suspected, it is important to closely monitor patients for signs and symptoms of progression with increasing frequency of assessments. While awaiting transfer of a patient to the ICU certain interventions can be initiated by nursing. The physician can be alerted and request for orders to draw lab work to help monitor the patient. Administer oxygen as needed and place a urinary catheter to track output closely. Suggest placing a central line and the beginning of fluids for support(Nelson, 2009). In the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock (Dellinger, Carlet, Masur, Gerlach, Calandrea, Cohen, et al. 004, March) discussed evidence based therapies in the management of sepsis. Resuscitation of patients should begin as soon as sepsis is recognized and not delayed prior to ICU admission. Appropriate cultures should be obtained prior to antibiotics being started. Empirical anti-infective therapy should be guided by the susceptibility patters of microorganisms in the community and in the hospital. One or more should have activity against likely pathogens and be able to penetra te into the likely source of the sepsis. Therapy should be typically 7 to 10 days and guided by clinical response. Each patient presenting with sepsis should be evaluated for the source of infection and source control. Fluid resuscitation may consist of natural or artificial colloids or crystalloids. After an appropriate fluid challenge has failed to restore adequate blood pressure then vasopressors should be started with norepinephrine or dopamine as the first choice. Dobutamine should be considered in patient with low cardiac output after adequate fluid resuscitation. Corticosteroids are recommended for patients who require vasopressors therapy despite adequate fluid replacement. Recombinant human activated protein C in recommended in patients at high risk of death, sepsis induced multiple organ failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome with no contraindication related to a risk for bleeding. Without any extenuating circumstances red blood cell transfusion should occur only when hemoglobin decreases to less than 7. 0 g/dL to target hemoglobinof 7 to 9 g/dL. In patient with sepsis platelets should be given when levels

Medis Effect on Violence in children essays

Medis Effect on Violence in children essays There is evidence that promotes the view that anti-social behaviour can be promoted by the media. Some of the effects are short lived and others will vary depending on whether the anti-social behaviour is shown on its own or not. Violent video games and TV are the main sources of media violence. On TV there is very little aggression overall. The Gerbner Studies (1970s and 1980s) found that in childrens TV programmes 20 violent acts per hour occurred. Since 1967, the percentage of violent programmes has not increased but the number of violent acts per programme has increased. Halloran and Croll (1972) found that violence was a common feature on TV programmes but not as prevalent on British as it was on American TV programmes. Cumberbatch (1987) supported this, finding that 30% of programmes had violence in them but only 1% of TV is violent overall. Gunter and Harrison (1995) said that violence only occupies a tiny proportion of TV in few programmes. They found that 1% of terrestrial TV was violent and less that, 2% on satellite TV was violent. Altogether there is not very much violence on TV but what there is seems to be concentrated to a few programmes which if young children are exposed to could be damaging to them mentally especially in later life. = In a longitudinal study by Lefkowitz et al. (1972), a preference for TV violence at 8 years of age was found to be related to aggression at the same age. Older children (17-18 years old) who preferred violence on TV were not more aggressive. If a preference for TV violence was found at 8 years old then this was found to be related to violence at 18 years old, but a preference at 18 for TV violence was not found to be related to early aggression. This shows that exposing younger children to violence on TV in earlier life can have long-term as well as short-term effects on the child. Australian research has shown that there is no significant correlation betw...

In a world of increasing energy demand, decreasing fossil fuel Essay

In a world of increasing energy demand, decreasing fossil fuel supplies and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. What scientific, engineering and technological - Essay Example Many of these technologies and sources of energy have already experienced a significant amount of research and acceptance. The migration from fossil fuels will involve multiple sources, local generation, and a variety of new technologies to power the world into the 21st century. The energy crisis is not a national problem, but is a challenge facing every nation in the world. While eighty percent of the worlds energy needs comes from fossil based fuels, the technologies to sustain the current level of use, reduce the CO2 emissions, and develop cleaner coal are still in their infancy and may eventually prove to be impractical (Evans 2007, p.6). In addition, the existence of large concentrated oil supplies has created an unstable political situation that keeps the worlds supply of energy at risk. Nuclear generated electricity has received some renewed interest in recent years based on improved safety records, but the problem of the safe disposal of nuclear waste is yet to be solved. Our current transportation systems may require substantial modification to run on the fuels of the future. The challenge that faces the world is to move away from the current uses of oil and utilize locally generated energy based on local renewable resources. Solar energy is at the top of the list as an abundant source of sustainable energy. It is available almost everywhere in the world and can be harvested on a local level. Solar power can be used in its direct form as heat and light as well as easily converted to electricity through the use of photovoltaic cells. Solar energy requires relatively little advanced technology or engineering to harness its benefits. Though solar energy is widely distributed throughout the world, it is a low density energy and requires the collection of the suns rays over a large area to be efficient (Evans 2007, p.82). This makes the large scale production and centralized distribution of

Monopolies and Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Monopolies and Economics - Essay Example Economists have debated the value and the cost of monopolies for centuries and still have come to no clear consensus. Even our laws that protect the market from monopolistic practices have been viewed as incapable of defining the words 'market' and 'monopoly'. When does market share become a monopoly In the United States, the foul line is crossed when the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) interprets the anti-trust laws and rules that the actions are injurious to competition. The technical definition of a monopoly is a business that is the sole provider of a good or service that has no suitable substitute. Consumers are restricted to buying from the monopolist. Geographic limitations can also create a monopoly such as being the only doctor within a hundred miles. Monopolies can also exist where a firm manufactures a specialized product to a limited market. New innovations may become monopolistic due to patent restrictions or until the innovation becomes more widely available. Another characteristic of a monopoly is that there needs to be a barrier to entry into the market. This is usually due to high sunk-costs that prevent competitors from reaching an economy of scale. Though all these traits are seen in monopolies, many practices are labeled monopolistic because they restrict competition and are prohibited by law. Most of these practices serve to limit competition or drive competition out of business. Product dumping, price fixing, predatory pricing, and bid rigging are all considered monopolistic practices. In the United States corporations are occasionally allowed to engage in a monopoly or monopolistic practices. Professional sports, utilities, government institutions, and markets with a single producer are sometimes exempted or protected. These protected monopolies do not always benefit from their monopoly status, as they may still need to be competitive to keep new entrants from competing. Major League Baseball is sometimes seen as a monopoly. However, there are substitute products in the form of other sports and entertainment activities. Though they prevent any new entries into the market, they can't be called a true monopoly. Even the US Post Office, a protected monopoly, has come under increased competition with the advent of new technology and services. Though they were once the only provider for their services, failure to innovate left them vulnerable to alternate suppliers. A criticism often leveled at monopolies is that they are complacent and slow to innovate. . Monopolies can be destructive to the economy because they give the firm the opportunity to be a price maker rather than a price taker. The monopoly will reduce the supply, which increases the price to the point that it maximizes profits (Parkin 110). This point is almost always at a point above the price that would be available in a competitive market. According to Stigler, "the purely "economic" case against monopoly is that it reduces aggregate economic welfare". For example: If a firm can sell 100 units when the price is $5 it will generate $500 revenue. If they price them at $7 they can only sell 80 units, but will have generated $560 revenue. However, the loss to the economy is 20 unsold units at $5 each, or $100. Though the firm has gained $60, the market has lost $100. This aggregate loss is known as deadweight loss and is what the anti-trust laws are designed to

Ethics Dilemma Paper Essay Example for Free

Ethics Dilemma Paper Essay ETHICS DILEMMA PAPER One of the most difficult things in the criminal justice field is related to ethics in the criminal justice profession. Whether it being a corrections officer, police officer, or a judge. The main goal is to ensure you as a professional are making the right decision for the greater good and that it falls within the guidelines that are set before you in the laws that have been written. In the recent dilemma that occurred in Broward County on February 19, 2014 is an example of an ethics dilemma in the criminal justice field that happens much too often. I will explain to you the nature of the dilemma, the ethical/unethical decision that was made, the outcome of the situation, and suggest some alternative courses of actions that could have taken place instead and why. NATURE OF THE DILEMMA On February 19, 2014 a Broward County Sheriffs deputy of 20 plus years on the force conducted a traffic stop of a vehicle traveling unlawfully in the HOV (High Occupancy Vehicle) lane. Once the deputy had the vehicle stopped he was informed by the woman in the drivers seat that she was recording him conducting the traffic stop. Once the sheriffs deputy gained knowledge of  this he proceeded to force his way into the womans vehicle trying to grab her phone, then pulling her out of the vehicle and dragging her onto the ground causing injuries in several places as another deputy stood by with his gun drawn. All the while this was going on he continued to yell at her stating she was committing a felony and telling her I know the law better than you , and placing her under arrest. The ethical dilemma this situation brings forward is: was the actions taken by this deputy really necessary and justified on an ethical basis? (Miller, 2014). ETHICAL DECISION MADE In this particular situation an unethical decision was made based on the circumstances of the incident at hand. The deputy was committing a crime (felony) himself by unlawfully forcing his way into her vehicle, and detaining her against her will for a crime she did not commit. All for a simple civil infraction (driving in an HOV lane), that could have been handled in a totally different and professional manner. This was the only law the woman was breaking at the time, and the only probable cause the deputy had to go on for the actions that he took. OUTCOME OF THE SITUATION Once the dust settled upon this unfortunate situation, the deputy assumed and thought that the woman was breaking the law by recording the audio and video of the deputy. He assumed that he had to give the woman permission to audio record him. Unfortunately to his disadvantage the Florida courts ruled upholding a expectation of privacy provision (Silverman, 2012) to their all-party law, which the courts ruled does not apply to on-duty police (or anyone in public), as long as you are not interfering with them in conducting their duty. In this particular case the deputy appeared to be uneducated in this revision to the law that the law enforcement agency clearly neglected to educate its department on. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION/ WHY According to the situation at hand some of the alternative courses of actions that the deputy could have taken and the woman that was being stopped could have been drastically different. Ethically speaking the deputy could have not taken his actions to the extreme that he did all over the simple recording violation that he thought the woman was committing. His life was not in danger nor was there any indication of any physical threat coming from the woman. The deputy totally handled that situation in a very unprofessional and unethical manner. On the other hand the woman could have easily been justified in using deadly force on the deputy if he was not a law enforcement officer. She would have been justified well within the guidelines of Floridas Justifiable Use of Force law considering he unlawfully forced his into her car and violently dragged her out. Fortunately for him he was a law enforcement officer or he could have been killed. Another course of action for the sheriffs deputy and the department could have been to properly educate themselves and their officers of the most current laws regarding these types of situations. In addition to making sure each and every deputy gets a refresher course on the necessary use of force procedures every few years. CONCLUSION In conclusion of this ethical dilemma situation, what I can draw from this is several things. One being always treat people in a way I would like to be treated unless circumstances dictate otherwise; it is the right and ethical action to take. Sometimes we just do not get that luxury of doing such an action when dealing with certain types of people and situations and yes certain actions are necessary. Always take the time to educate yourself on certain laws or information you are not sure of before acting on what you think may be correct. Just like the famous saying, Ignorance of the law is not an excuse, and this is very true but it does go both ways for law enforcement and the public. References Miller, C. (2014). Photography is not a crime. Retrieved from http://photographyisnotacrime.com/2014/02/19/broward-sheriffs-deputy-violently-attacks-woman-recording-traffic-stop/ Silverman, S. (2012). Reason.com free minds and free markets. Retrieved from http://reason.com/archives/2012/04/05/7-rules-for-recording-police

Legalazation Of Cannabis :: essays research papers

These are some of the reasons that prohibition is a failure. When we realize that prohibition is a failure we can move on to more and better uses of cannabis. Abraham Lincoln once said this famous quote â€Å"Prohibition will work great injury to the cause o temperance. ...for it goes beyond the bounds of reasons In that it attempts to control a mans appetite by legislation and makes a crime out of things that are not crimes. A prohibition law strikes a blow at the very principles that our government was fo ded.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you would recall the government trying to prohibit alcohol in the earlier part of this century. Crime soared, criminal organizations became rich. People died or were crippled by unregulated products. Millions of untold tax payers dollars were spent the so called â€Å"Drug Wars†. The results had no effect on the wars and just dissipated tax payers money.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Foreign drug cartels earning as much as the Gross National Product of some countries, only to send their illegal unregulated products to America. They tried to prohibit their drugs as well, but had the same results.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Children killing children with auto-automatic weapons. HIV spreading like a plague. The absurd waste of tax payers dollars on a prohibition that doesn’t even work. Our prisons filling up over the edge. Why? For a prohibition of cannabis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cannabis is one of the single most versatile important agricultural products next to the soybean. Growing cannabis helps the environment as well. Lady bugs, which we all know helps everything, provide a source of extermination for the bugs that plague he cannabis crop. If you are running low on cash and are growing it you can sell it for a pretty penny. Of course you can’t until it gets legalized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Medical properties of cannabis are well documented. Just think how many people would benefit if cannabis was readily available for use. Why criminalize, or restrict access to find relief from suffering. Cannabis can ease the pain and sometimes take it ay. Why criminals for use as medicine?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now you will hear some peoples thoughts of why cannabis should not be legalized. Many of the people that want it to stay illegal are mothers of people under the age of 18. In fact 66 percent of those mothers want it to stay illegal. Most say cannabis smoked for fun or because of addiction. People kill for it and people kill each other for money for it.

System Architecture

We suspect that the real reason is the lack of a comprehensive, hysteretic and unifying approach to architectural design that makes the patterns In some sense comparable. Acquirement specification into a working software and hardware system and, hence, could be seen as â€Å"programming-in-the-very-large†. Since it is an accepted doctrine that mistakes when caught in the early stages are much cheaper to correct than when discovered in the late stages, good architectural system design could be of enormous economical potential. The purpose of this paper is to take a first step in the direction of a methodology for architectural design. Or in other words, we submit that architectural design should allow a methodology and not intuition, I. E. Should be treated as a science and not as an art. In order not to become overly ambitious, and to stay within the confines of a conference paper, we will limit ourselves to information systems as the synthesis of data base and data communicat ion systems, with more emphasis on the former. 2 2. 1 Services Services and resources Since we claim that architectural design is the first step in a process that turns a requirements specification into a working software and hardware system, an essential ingredient of the design method is a uniform and rigorous requirements specification.Requirements is something imposed by an outside wow RL. For information systems the outside world are the business processes in some real-world organization such as industry, government, education, financial institutions, for which they provide the informational support. Figure 1 illustrates the basic idea. The counterpart of business processes in an information system are informational processes. Business processes proceed in a linear (as in Figure 1) or non-linear order of steps, and so do the informational processes.To meet its obligations, each step draws on a number of resources. Resources are infrastructural means that are not died to any par ticular process or business but support a broad spectrum of these and can be shared, perhaps concurrently, by a large number of processes. In an information system the resources are informational in nature. Because of their central role, resources must be managed properly to achieve the desired system goals of economy, scale, capacity and timeliness.Therefore, access to each resource is through a resource manager. In the remainder we use the term information systems in the narrower sense of a collection of informational resources and their managers. What qualifies as a resource depends on the scope of a process. For example, in decision processes the resources may be computational such as statistical packages, data warehouses or data mining algorithms. These may in turn draw on more generic resources such as database systems and data communication systems.Business Informational process 1 Process step 1 Resource manager 1 Process step 2 Process step 3 Resource manager 2 Process step 4 Resource manager 3 Process step 5 Resource manager 4 process 2 Figure 1 Business processes, informational processes and resources What is of interest from an outside perspective is the kind of support a resource may provide. Abstractly speaking, a resource may be characterized by its competence . Competence manifests itself as the range of tasks that the resource manager is capable of performing.The range of tasks is referred to as a service. In this view, a resource manager is referred to as a service provider (or server for short) and each subsystem that makes use of a resource manager as a service client (or client for short). 2. 2 Service characteristics The relationship between a client and a server is governed by a service level characteristics of the services it provides. From the viewpoint of the client the server as to meet certain obligations or responsibilities. The responsibilities can be broadly classified into two categories.The first category is service functionalit y and covers the collection of functions available to a client and given by their syntactical interfaces (signatures) and their semantic effects. The semantic effects often reflect the interrelationships between the functions due to a shared state. Functionality is what a client basically is interested in. The second category covers the qualities of service. These are non-functional properties that are nonetheless considered essential for the usefulness of a server to client. 2. Service qualities To make the discussion more targeted, we study what technical equal ties of service we come to expect from an information system. Ubiquity. In general, an information system includes a large – in the Internet even unbounded – number of service providers. Access to services should be unrestricted in time and space, that is, anytime between any places. Ubiquity of information services makes data communication an indispensable part of information systems. Durability. Information services have not only to do with deriving new information from older information but also act as a kind of business memory.Access to older information in the form of stored data must remain possible at any time into an unlimited future, unless and until the data is explicitly overwritten. Durability of information makes database management a second indispensable ingredient of information systems. Interpretability. In an information system, data is exchanged across both, space due to ubiquity and time due to durability. Data carries information, but it is not information by itself. To exchange information, the sender has to encode its information as data, and the receiver reconstructs the information by interpreting the data.Any exchange should ensure, to the extent possible, that the interpretations of sender and receiver agree, that is, that meaning is preserved in space and time. This requires some common conventions, e. G. , a formal framework for interpretation. Because informa tion systems and their environment usually are only loosely coupled, the formal framework can only reflect something like a best effort. Best-effort interpretability is often called (semantic) consistency. Robustness. The service must remain reliable, I. E. Guarantee its functionality and qualities to any client, under all circumstances, be they errors, disruptions, failures, incursions, interferences. Robustness must always be founded on a failure model. There may be different models for different causes. For example, a service function must reach a defined state in case of failure (failure resilience), service functions muss t only interact in predefined ways if they access the same resource (conflict resilience), and the effect of a function must not be lost once the function came to a Security.Services must remain trustworthy, that is, show no effects beyond the guaranteed functionality and qualities, and include only the predetermined clients, n the face of failures, errors or malicious attacks. Performance. Services must be rendered with adequate technical performance at given cost. From a client's perspective the performance manifests itself as the response time. From a whole community of clients the performance is measured as throughput. Scalability. Modern information systems are open systems in the number of both, clients and servers.Services must not deteriorate in functionality and qualities in the face of a continuous growth of service requests from clients or other servers. 3 Service hierarchies 3. 1 Divide-and-conquer Given a requirements specification in terms of service functionality and qualities on the one hand and a set of available basic, e. G. , physical resources from which to construct them on the other hand, architectural design is about solving the complex task of bridging the gap between the two.The time -proven method for doing so is divide-and conquer which recursively derives from a given task a set of more limited tasks that can be combined to realize the original task. However, this is little more than an abstract principle that still leaves open the strategy that governs the decomposition. Higher-level responsibility arrive functionality qualities composition: assemble higher-level responsibility decomposition: divide higher-level lower-level responsibilities Figure 2 Divide-and-conquer for services We look for a strategy that is well-suited to our service philosophy.Among the various strategies covered in [Est.] the one to fit the service philosophy best is the assignment of responsibilities. In decomposing a larger task new smaller tasks are defined, that circumscribe narrower responsibilities within the original responsibility (Figure 2). If we follow Section 2. 2, a responsibility no matter what its range is always fined in terms of a service functionality and a set of service qualities. Hence, the decomposition results in a hierarchy of responsibilities, I. E. Services, starting from the semantically richest though least detailed service at the root and progressing downwards to ever narrower but more detailed services. The inner nodes of the hierarchy can be interpreted as resource managers that act as both, service providers and service clients. 3. 2 Design hypothesis All we know at this point is that decomposition follows a strategy of dividing responsibilities for services. Services encompass functionality and a large number of laity-of-service (So) parameters. This opens up a large design space at each step.A design method deserves its name only if we impose a certain discipline that restricts the design space at each step. The challenge now is to find a discipline that both, explains common existing architectural patterns, and systematically constructs new patterns if novel requirements arise. We claim that the service perspective has remained largely unexplored so that any discipline based on it is as yet little more than a design hypothesis. Our method divides each step from one level to the next into three parts. Functional decomposition. This is the traditional approach.We consider service functionality a a primary s criterion for decomposition. Since the original service requirements reflect the needs of the business world, the natural inclination is to use a pure top-down or stepwise must decide whether, and if so how, the functionality should be further broken up into a set of less powerful obligations and corresponding service functionalities to which some tasks can be delegated, and how these are to be combined to obtain the original functionality. However, the closer we come to the basic resources the more hose will restrict our freedom of design.Consequently, at some point we may have to reverse the direction and use stepwise composition to construct a more powerful functionality from simpler functionalities. Propagation of service qualities. Consider two successive levels in the hierarchy and an assignment of So- parameters to the higher- level service, we now determine which service qualities should be taken care of by the services on the upper and lower levels. Three options exist for each quality. Under exclusive control the higher-level service takes sole responsibility, I. E. , does not propagate the quality any further.Under partial control it shares the responsibility with some lower-level service, I. E. , passes some So aspects along. Under complete delegation the higher-level service ignores the quality altogether and entirely passes it further down to a lower-level service. For partial control or complete delegation our hope is that the various qualities passed down are orthogonal and hence can be assigned to separate and largely independent resource managers. Priority of service qualities. Among the service qualities under exclusive or partial control, choose one as the primary quality and refine the decomposition.Our hope is that the remaining qualities exert no or only minor influences on this level, I. E. , are orthogonal to the primary quality and thus can be taken care of separately. Clearly, there are interdependencies between the three parts so that we should expect to iterate through them. 4 4. 1 Testing the design hypothesis Classical 5-layer architecture Even though it is difficult to discern from the complex architecture of today's relational DB'S, most of them started out with an architecture that took as its reference the well-published 5-layer architecture of System R [Sass, Chic].Up to hose days the architecture is still the backbone of academic courses in database system implementation (see, e. G. , [HERR]). As a first test we examine whether our design hypothesis could retroactively explain this (centralized) architecture. 4. 1. 1 Priority on performance We assume that the DB'S offers all the service qualities of Section 2. 3 safe ubiquity, the relational data model in its SQL appearance. As noted in Section 2. 3, durability is the raisin d' ©tree for DB'S. Durabil ity is first of all a quality that must be guaranteed on the level of physical resources, by non- volatile storage.Let's assume that durability is delegated all the way down to this level. Even after decades durability is still served almost exclusively by magnetic disk storage. If we use processor speed as the yardstick, the overwhelming bottleneck, by six orders of magnitude, is access latency, which is composed of the movement of the mechanical access mechanism for reaching a cylinder and the rotational delay until the desired data block appears under the read/write head. Consequently, performance dwarfs all other service qualities in importance on the lowest level.Considering the size of the bottleneck and the fact that performance is also an issue or the clients, it seems to make sense to work from the hypothesis that performance is the highest-priority quality across the entire hierarchy to be constructed. 4. 1 . 2 Playing off functionality versus performance Since we ignore f or the time being all service qualities except performance, our design hypothesis becomes somewhat simplified: There is a single top-priority quality, and because it pervades the entire hierarchy it is implemented by partial control.The challenge, then, is to find for each level a suitable benchmark against which to evaluate performance. Such a benchmark is given by an access profile, that is a sequence of operations that reflects, e. G. , average behavior or high-priority requests. We refer to such a benchmark as data staging. More expressive data model data staging data model Id wider usage context access profile resource manager I less expressive narrower Figure 3 Balancing functionality and performance on a level Consequently, our main objective on each level is determining a balance of functionality and data staging.As Figure 3 illustrates, the balancing takes account of a tandem of knowledge. On the way down we move from more to less expressive data models and at the same time from a wider context, I. E. More global knowledge of prospective data usage, to a narrower context with more localized knowledge of data usage. The higher we are in the hierarchy, the earlier can we predict the need for a data element. Design for performance, then, means to put the predictions to good use. Based on these abstractions we are indeed able to explain the classical architecture. We start with the root whose functionality is given by the relational model and SQL. The logical database structure in the form of relations is imposed by the clients. We also assume an access profile in terms of a history of operations on the logical database. We compress the access profile into an access density that expresses the probability of Joint use of data elements within a given time interval. The topmost resource manager can now use the access density to rearrange the data elements into sets of Jointly accessible elements.It then takes account of performance by translating queries aga inst the relational database to those against the rearranged, internal database. The data model on this internal level could very well still be relational. But since we have to move to a less expressive data model, we leave only he structure relational but employ duple operators rather than set operators. Consequently, the topmost resource manager also implements the relational operators by programs on sets of tepees.What is missing from the access density is the dynamics – which operations are applied to which data elements and in which order. Therefore, for the next lower level we compress the access profile into an access pattern that reflects the frequency and temporal distribution of the operations on data elements. There is a large number of so-called physical data structures tailored to different patterns – or combined associative and sequential access. The resource manager on this level accounts for performance by assigning suitable physical structures to the s ets of the internal data model.The data model on the next lower level provides a library of physical data structures together with the operators for accessing them. It is not all clear how to continue from here on downwards because we have extracted all we could from the access profile. Hence we elect to change direction and start from the bottom. Given the storage devices we use physical file management as provided by operating systems. We choose a block-oriented file organization because it makes the least assumptions about subsequent use of the data and offers a homogeneous view on all devices.We use parameter settings to influence performance. The parameters concern, among others, file size and dynamic growth, block size, block placement, block addressing (virtual or physical). To lay the foundation for data staging we would like to control physical proximity: adjacent block numbering should be equivalent to minimal latency on sequential, or (in case of RAID) parallel access. Th e data model is defined by classical file management functions. The next upper level recognizes the fact that on the higher levels data staging is in terms of sets of records.It introduces its own version of sets, namely segments. These are defined on pages with a size equal to block size. Performance is controlled by the strategy that places pages in blocks. Particularly critical to performance is the assumption that record size is much lower than page size so that a page contains a fairly large number of records. Hence, under the best of circumstances a page transfer into main memory results in the transfer of a large number of Jointly used cords. Buffer management gives shared records a much better chance to survive in main memory.The data model on this level is terms of sets of pages and operators on these. This leaves Just the gap to be closed between sets of records as they manifest themselves in the physical data structures, and sets of pages. Given a page, all records on the page can be accessed with main memory speed. Since each data structure reflects a particular pattern of record operations, we translate the pattern into a strategy for placing Jointly used records on the same page (record clustering). The physical data resource manager places or retrieves records on or from pages, respectively.